Comparing 3D Model File Formats for Metaverse Development

[Anthony]

When developing for the metaverse, choosing the correct 3D model file format is crucial for ensuring compatibility and efficiency across different platforms. The use of open model formats, such as GLTF, allows for the seamless transfer of work to a wide variety of platforms, making it the ideal choice for metaverse development. In this post, we will take a closer look at the most popular 3D model file formats and the pros and cons of each, to help you make an informed decision when choosing the right format for your project.

Comparative Analysis

OBJ is a simple, text-based format that is widely supported by 3D modeling software. It is a standard format that is compatible with many game engines and VR/AR platforms. However, it does not support animation, and it can be difficult to transfer materials and textures with the model.

FBX is a proprietary file format developed by Autodesk for exchanging 3D models between different software packages. It is widely supported by game engines such as Unity and Unreal Engine, and is commonly used for 3D game development and content creation for the metaverse. It can handle complex scenes, and supports animation, but it is not an open-source standard, which means that not all software can support it.

COLLADA is an open standard XML file format for exchanging digital assets among various graphics software applications that can be used on multiple platforms. It is supported by many 3D software, game engines, and WebXR platforms. It can handle complex scenes and supports animation but it's less efficient than GLTF or FBX.

STL, PLY, 3DS are all 3D model formats that have specialized uses. STL is often used for 3D printing, PLY is often used for 3D scanning, and 3DS is used by Autodesk 3D Studio.

VRML is a file format for representing 3D interactive vector graphics, designed for the World Wide Web, but it's less used now.

GLTF (GL Transmission Format) is a file format for 3D models and scenes that is quickly becoming a standard for the industry. It is an open standard that is designed to be efficient and lightweight, it is supported by a wide range of 3D engines and WebXR platforms. It also has the ability to include binary data for textures, animations and other information, which makes it a more efficient and lightweight format compared to others.

BVH is a file format used for motion capture data, it's not a model format but a motion format.

In conclusion, GLTF is the best choice for 3D games and the metaverse and WebXR because it is an open-source standard, it is efficient, lightweight and it has the ability to include binary data for textures, animations and other information. FBX is also a good choice, but it is not an open standard. Other formats like OBJ and COLLADA are also widely supported, but they may not be as efficient or versatile as GLTF.